Vogel’s Scale of Urine Tints (1879)
Image from page 69 of “Die Heilgymnastik in der Gynaekologie : und die mechanische Behandlung von Erkrankungen des Uterus und seiner Adnexe nach Thure Brandt” (1895)
Bird’s eye view of White Sulfur Springs, Virginia (1859).
Comparison of red blood cells. (1892)
Image from page 88 of “Di͡e͡tskai͡a͡ ėnt͡s͡iklopedīi͡a͡” (1913)
Image from page 135 of “Mechty i zvuki poezii” (1842)
Image from page 830 of “North Carolina Christian advocate” (1894)
Map: Manhattan Building Height and Area Restrictions (1920).
Image from page 362 of “American journal of physiology” (1898)
Kite designs (1908).
The European spider spins it’s iron web over all the world (1900).
Map: Maximum Deaths, Connecticut, 1906
Junk found while searching for stuff for the 3rd edition of Making Maps: A Visual Guide to Map Design for GIS. Out late Spring 2016.
Making Maps: DIY Cartography 
All of these–all three posts–are brilliant. Thank you for sharing them! All my life I’ve been searching for a pocket gopher distribution map.